An Overview about the Different Types of Hydraulic Motors

April 9, 2021

Many industries maximise hydraulic systems in powering various tools and machines. These systems utilise hydraulic fluid to effectively generate fluid power. The power generated by the hydraulic systems typically moves from motors to actuators.

Hydraulic motors, in particular, perform a crucial function in hydraulic systems. Once the pump of the hydraulic system pushes the hydraulic fluid to the motor, the gears, vanes, or pistons of the motor will subsequently move. The movement of these parts allows the motor to generate enough power so that it can effectively activate other parts of the hydraulic system.

There are numerous types of hydraulic motors that are available in the market right now. Some of these types are as follows:

Axial Piston Motors

An axial piston motor is a swashplate type of motor that is typically comprised of a bank of cylinders, which are arranged in a circular or 360-degree form factor and are parallel to one another. Each cylinder has a piston, with each one reciprocating at one end of the piston through pushing it against the swashplate. The overall design of the axial piston motor allows it to generate a rotational motion to the output shaft, with the said part being connected to the workload and swashplate.

Radial Piston Motors

A radial piston motor has tons of cylinders that are arranged similar to those that can be found in a car engine. The pistons found on this motor ride on cams along with the linked camshaft, which is then connected to the output shaft. These motors can be very efficient and boast large capacities. However, this type of hydraulic motors can be expensive. Machines that utilise wheel motors can maximise radial piston motors. Forklifts and other similar machines and tools can likewise use these motors.

Gear Type Motors

A gear type motor can be characterised as an internal gear and external gear motor. This type of hydraulic motor is designed to effectively transmit rotary power by utilising an output shaft, which is connected to a rotor. The rotational movement of the gear type motors that is powered by pressurised hydraulic liquid is known to be transmitted to the workload by an output shaft. This type of motor operates quietly. It is also simple, inexpensive, and can be used for medium-speed applications.

Vane Type Motors

A vane type motor, ultimately, has moveable vanes that are linked to a centrally located output shaft. These components are enclosed in a housing, wherein it receives pressurised hydraulic fluid straight from the hydraulic pump. The pressurised hydraulic fluid generates force directly into the vanes so that they can rotate effectively. Vane type motors can be very useful for large displacement applications. However, just like other types of hydraulic motors, vane type motors can also be expensive.

In choosing the perfect hydraulic motor for your application, you have to determine some crucial elements like the type of fluid, overall reliability, performance, output speed, and expected life. If you want some help, you can always contact us at Global Bearing Imports.

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